Partners Carlos Ramos-Mrosovsky and Paul Levine authored article for the Kluwer Arbitration Blog examining the U.S. amicus brief in response to the enforcement of "intra-EU" investment arbitration awards against Spain. Published Feb. 22, 2024, the article concludes that the submission does not express any support for Spain’s core argument that it did not validly consent to investor-state arbitration under the Energy Charter Treaty.